Provision for 'Just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief' is under:
- Article 41
- Article 42
- Article 44
- Article 43
Explanation: Article 42 focuses on providing human conditions of work and maternity benefits for women.
Promotion of international peace and security is mentioned in:
- Article 51A
- Article 50
- Article 51
- Article 52
Explanation: Article 51 is the final Directive Principle and focuses on fostering international relations and peace.
Who described the DPSPs as 'Novel Features' of the Indian Constitution?
- Ivor Jennings
- K.T. Shah
- Jawaharlal Nehru
- R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Dr. Ambedkar described the Directive Principles as a 'novel feature' of the Indian Constitution.
How many new Directive Principles were added by the 42nd Amendment Act (1976)?
Explanation: Articles added/amended: 39 (opportunities for healthy child development), 39A, 43A, and 48A.
Article 47 is associated with which movement?
- Prohibition movement
- Panchayat movement
- Environmental movement
- Education movement
Explanation: Article 47 includes the prohibition of the consumption of intoxicating drinks (Alcohol) and drugs.
Promotion of educational and economic interests of SCs, STs, and other weaker sections is under:
- Article 47
- Article 45
- Article 48
- Article 46
Explanation: Article 46 directs the state to promote the interests of weaker sections and protect them from social injustice and exploitation.
Which of the following describes the DPSPs as 'Moral Precepts' for the authorities of the state?
- N. Rau
- L.M. Singhvi
- Sardar Patel
- R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Sir B.N. Rau, the Constitutional Advisor, viewed them as moral guidelines for the state.
Is the Government bound by Law to implement every DPSP immediately?
- No
- Only during Emergency
- Yes
- Only for SCs/STs
Explanation: Implementation depends on the availability of resources and time, as they are non-justiciable.
Which Article was added by the 97th Amendment Act (2011) regarding 'Co-operative Societies'?
- Article 44
- Article 43B
- Article 43
- Article 43A
Explanation: Article 43B requires the state to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, and professional management of co-operative societies.
Which Article was added by the 42nd Amendment to provide 'Free Legal Aid' to the poor?
- Article 43A
- Article 39
- Article 48A
- Article 39A
Explanation: Article 39A promotes equal justice and provides free legal aid to the poor by suitable legislation or schemes.
Which Article deals with the 'Uniform Civil Code' for the citizens?
- Article 46
- Article 45
- Article 43
- Article 44
Explanation: Article 44 (Liberal-Intellectual Principle) directs the State to endeavor to secure for citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout India.
Directive Principles are categorized into three types. Which of these is NOT one of them?
- Capitalistic
- Liberal-Intellectual
- Gandhian
- Socialistic
Explanation: DPSPs are broadly classified into Socialistic, Gandhian, and Liberal-Intellectual principles.
The prevention of concentration of wealth and means of production is under:
- Article 39(b)
- Article 39(d)
- Article 39(a)
- Article 39(c)
Explanation: Article 39(c) directs the State to ensure that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth.
Directive Principles are 'Fundamental in the governance of the country' according to:
- Article 37
- Article 38
- Article 36
- Article 39
Explanation: Article 37 explicitly states that these principles are fundamental in governance and it is the duty of the state to apply them in making laws.
Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases is under:
- Article 44
- Article 42
- Article 41
- Article 43
Explanation: Article 41 directs the state to secure the right to work, education, and public assistance in cases of unemployment, old age, sickness, and disablement.
Which of the following is NOT a Socialistic Principle?
- Article 39
- Article 41
- Article 44
- Article 38
Explanation: Article 44 (Uniform Civil Code) is a Liberal-Intellectual Principle.
Which Article requires the state to protect 'Cow, Calves and other milch animals'?
- Article 49
- Article 48
- Article 47
- Article 46
Explanation: Article 48 is a Gandhian Principle reflecting the sentiments of the Indian livestock economy.
Which principle is NOT a Gandhian Principle in Part IV?
- Village Panchayats
- Uniform Civil Code
- Cottage Industries
- Prohibition of Alcohol
Explanation: UCC (Art 44) is categorized as a Liberal-Intellectual principle, not Gandhian.
Promotion of 'Cottage Industries' in rural areas is mentioned in:
- Article 42
- Article 43
- Article 43A
- Article 41
Explanation: Promoting cottage industries on an individual or co-operative basis is a Gandhian Principle found in Art 43.
Who criticized DPSPs by saying they are like 'a cheque on a bank, payable only when the resources of the bank permit'?
- K.T. Shah
- Granville Austin
- T.T. Krishnamachari
- R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Prof. K.T. Shah was a critic of Part IV because the principles are not legally enforceable.
Which Article directs the State to secure a social order for the promotion of the welfare of the people?
- Article 38
- Article 40
- Article 39
- Article 41
Explanation: Article 38 directs the state to promote welfare by securing a social order permeated by justiceβsocial, economic, and political.
Participation of workers in the management of industries is under:
- Article 43A
- Article 43
- Article 42
- Article 43B
Explanation: Article 43A was added by the 42nd Amendment Act (1976) to promote industrial democracy.
DPSPs aim to establish what kind of 'Democracy'?
- Monarchical Democracy
- Social and Economic Democracy
- Political Democracy
- Direct Democracy
Explanation: While FRs establish political democracy, DPSPs aim for social and economic democracy.
The 'Minimum Wages Act' (1948) was an implementation of which Article?
- Article 43
- Article 43A
- Article 42
- Article 41
Explanation: The act aims to secure a living wage and decent standard of life as directed by Art 43.
Protection of monuments, places, and objects of national importance is under:
- Article 49
- Article 50
- Article 51
- Article 48
Explanation: Article 49 directs the state to protect objects and places of artistic or historic interest.
Which Article ensures that the operation of the legal system promotes justice on a basis of equal opportunity?
- Article 39A
- Article 32
- Article 38
- Article 14
Explanation: This is the core objective of Article 39A (Free Legal Aid).
The purpose of Directive Principles of State Policy is to:
- Provide a blueprint for a Welfare State
- Limit state power
- Empower the President
- Grant rights to minorities
Explanation: DPSPs are the guidelines for the state to achieve the goal of a welfare state.
What is the primary nature of the Directive Principles of State Policy?
- Non-justiciable
- Mandatory
- Justiciable
- Enforceable by Writ
Explanation: Article 37 clarifies that the DPSPs are not enforceable by any court, but they are fundamental in the governance of the country.
Which Article of DPSP was challenged in the 'Shah Bano Case' regarding personal laws?
- Article 44
- Article 40
- Article 46
- Article 48
Explanation: The case brought the debate over a Uniform Civil Code (Art 44) to the forefront.
Which case established that Fundamental Rights and DPSPs are 'complementary' to each other?
- Golaknath Case
- Champakam Dorairajan Case
- Kesavananda Bharati Case
- Minerva Mills Case
Explanation: The Minerva Mills case (1980) held that the Constitution is founded on the bedrock of the balance between FRs and DPSPs.
Which Article says the State shall strive to promote 'Voluntary formation' of Co-operative societies?
- Article 19
- Article 43B
- Article 51
- Article 43
Explanation: Added by the 97th Amendment in 2011.
Which Article aims to minimize inequalities in income, status, facilities, and opportunities?
- Article 39(b)
- Article 38(2)
- Article 39(c)
- Article 38(1)
Explanation: Article 38(2) was added by the 44th Amendment Act (1978).
Which Article defines 'State' for Part IV of the Constitution?
- Article 12
- Article 38
- Article 36
- Article 37
Explanation: Article 36 states that 'State' has the same meaning as in Part III (Article 12) unless the context otherwise requires.
Which Article of DPSP is related to the 'Panchayati Raj' system?
- Article 38
- Article 40
- Article 45
- Article 46
Explanation: Article 40 is the source of the 73rd and 74th Amendment Acts.
The Wildlife Protection Act (1972) implements which Directive Principle?
- Article 48
- Article 50
- Article 49
- Article 48A
Explanation: Art 48A directs the state to protect and improve the environment and safeguard wildlife.
The 'Organization of Village Panchayats' is mentioned in which Article?
- Article 38
- Article 42
- Article 40
- Article 41
Explanation: Article 40 (a Gandhian Principle) directs the State to organize village panchayats and endow them with powers to function as units of self-government.
Separation of Judiciary from Executive in the public services of the State is under:
- Article 49
- Article 50
- Article 51
- Article 52
Explanation: Article 50 directs the state to separate the judiciary from the executive to ensure judicial independence.
Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife is under:
- Article 49
- Article 48A
- Article 50
- Article 48
Explanation: Article 48A was added by the 42nd Amendment Act of 1976.
Under Article 51, the state shall endeavor to foster respect for:
- Fundamental Rights
- National Flag
- Religious Texts
- International Law
Explanation: Article 51(c) directs the state to foster respect for international law and treaty obligations.
The State's duty to raise the level of nutrition is mentioned in:
- Article 47
- Article 41
- Article 48
- Article 43
Explanation: Improving public health and nutrition is a key duty under Article 47.
Which Article directs the State to prohibit the consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs?
- Article 46
- Article 47
- Article 48
- Article 49
Explanation: Article 47 includes the duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and standard of living, and to prohibit intoxicating drinks/drugs.
Which Article encourages 'Settlement of international disputes by arbitration'?
- Article 51(c)
- Article 51(d)
- Article 50
- Article 51(a)
Explanation: Article 51(d) promotes the use of arbitration for settling international disputes.
Are DPSPs enforceable through Article 32?
- No
- Yes
- Only in the Supreme Court
- Only if the Chief Justice says so
Explanation: Article 32 is only for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights (Part III).
Which Part of the Indian Constitution contains the Directive Principles of State Policy?
- Part V
- Part VI
- Part IV
- Part III
Explanation: Articles 36 to 51 in Part IV of the Constitution deal with the Directive Principles of State Policy.
The Directive Principles of State Policy were borrowed from which Constitution?
- Canadian
- British
- Irish
- USA
Explanation: The makers of the Indian Constitution borrowed this idea from the Irish Constitution of 1937, which had copied it from the Spanish Constitution.
The 'Instrument of Instructions' in the Govt of India Act 1935 is similar to:
- DPSPs
- Fundamental Rights
- Preamble
- Fundamental Duties
Explanation: Directive Principles resemble the 'Instrument of Instructions' issued to the Governor-General of India by the British Government.
Which Article protects the 'Dignity of Children' and ensures they are not exploited?
- Article 39(e)
- Article 24
- Article 39(f)
- Article 45
Explanation: Article 39(f) ensures children are given opportunities to develop in a healthy manner and protected against exploitation.
Directive Principles act as a 'Guide' for:
- The Judiciary
- The Legislature
- The Executive
- All of the above
Explanation: DPSPs serve as common guidelines for all branches of the state.
Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines is under:
- Article 47
- Article 49
- Article 48
- Article 48A
Explanation: Article 48 directs the state to organize agriculture and animal husbandry and prohibit the slaughter of cows and calves.
Which of these is a Liberal-Intellectual Principle?
- Art 40
- Art 47
- Art 50
- Art 43
Explanation: Separation of Judiciary (Art 50) and Uniform Civil Code (Art 44) fall into this category.
The 86th Amendment Act (2002) changed the subject matter of which Article?
- Article 39
- Article 21
- Article 51
- Article 45
Explanation: It made elementary education a Fundamental Right (Art 21A) and updated the wording of Art 45.
Articles 39(b) and 39(c) were given precedence over Articles 14 and 19 by which amendment?
- 42nd Amendment
- 24th Amendment
- 44th Amendment
- 25th Amendment
Explanation: The 25th Amendment (1971) introduced Article 31C to protect laws implementing these specific DPSPs.
Equal pay for equal work for both men and women is a provision under:
- Article 41
- Article 42
- Article 39(d)
- Article 39(a)
Explanation: Article 39(d) ensures that there is equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
Maternity Benefit Act (1961) is an implementation of:
- Article 41
- Article 43
- Article 44
- Article 42
Explanation: It fulfills the directive of Art 42 to provide maternity relief.
The 'Right to Public Assistance' under Art 41 is primarily for:
- Criminals
- Disabled and Old age people
- Government employees
- Rich people
Explanation: It focuses on those who cannot work due to age, sickness, or disablement.
The concept of a 'Living Wage' for workers is found in:
- Article 42
- Article 43
- Article 43A
- Article 43B
Explanation: Article 43 states the State shall endeavor to secure a living wage and a decent standard of life for all workers.
In case of a conflict between Fundamental Rights and DPSPs, which generally prevails?
- Decision of the President
- Fundamental Rights
- DPSPs
- Both are equal
Explanation: Generally, FRs prevail, but the courts have ruled that they should be interpreted harmoniously.
The 44th Amendment Act (1978) added which clause to Art 38?
- Right to work
- Minimizing inequalities in income
- Education for all
- Free legal aid
Explanation: It added Article 38(2) which focuses on reducing inequalities in income and status.
Which Article originally provided for free and compulsory education for children until 14 years?
- Article 46
- Article 47
- Article 44
- Article 45
Explanation: Following the 86th Amendment, Article 45 now directs the State to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of 6.
The 'Separation of Powers' concept is most closely reflected in which Article?
- Article 49
- Article 14
- Article 50
- Article 51
Explanation: It specifically mandates the separation of the Judiciary from the Executive.