The President of India is elected by an Electoral College consisting of:
- All members of Parliament
- All members of State Legislatures
- Members of Lok Sabha only
- Elected members of both Houses of Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies
Explanation: According to Article 54, nominated members do not participate in the Presidential election.
What is the retirement age of a Supreme Court Judge?
- 70 years
- 62 years
- 60 years
- 65 years
Explanation: Judges of the Supreme Court hold office until they attain the age of 65 years.
The Vice-President can be removed from office by a resolution passed by:
- Lok Sabha only
- Rajya Sabha with effective majority and Lok Sabha with simple majority
- Impeachment like the President
- Rajya Sabha with simple majority
Explanation: Under Article 67(b), the resolution must originate in the Rajya Sabha.
How many members are nominated by the President to the Rajya Sabha?
Explanation: Under Article 80, the President nominates 12 members having special knowledge in Literature, Science, Art, and Social Service.
Which Article empowers the President to promulgate Ordinances during the recess of Parliament?
- Article 143
- Article 123
- Article 110
- Article 213
Explanation: Ordinances have the same force and effect as an Act of Parliament but must be approved within six weeks of reassembly.
Who is the Constitutional Head of the Union Executive?
- The President
- The Speaker of Lok Sabha
- The Chief Justice of India
- The Prime Minister
Explanation: Under Article 52 and 53, the President is the formal head of the executive power of the Union.
The 'Original Jurisdiction' of the Supreme Court (Article 131) covers:
- Civil Appeals
- Criminal Appeals
- Disputes between States
- Advisory matters
Explanation: Original Jurisdiction applies to disputes between the Center and States or between two or more States.
Who is the 'First Citizen' of India?
- The Vice-President
- The Prime Minister
- The Chief Justice
- The President
Explanation: The President is the head of the state and the first citizen of India.
Who among the following is not appointed by the President?
- Judges of High Court
- Vice-President
- Attorney General
- Governor
Explanation: The Vice-President is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of both Houses of Parliament.
Who has the power to dissolve the Lok Sabha?
- The Prime Minister
- The Speaker
- The President
- The Chief Justice
Explanation: The President can dissolve the Lok Sabha on the advice of the Council of Ministers.
Which Fund is used by the President to meet unforeseen expenditure pending authorization by Parliament?
- Public Account
- Contingency Fund
- Defense Fund
- Consolidated Fund
Explanation: Article 267 establishes the Contingency Fund of India, which is at the disposal of the President.
The 'Annual Financial Statement' is the constitutional term for:
- Audit Report
- Economic Survey
- The GDP Report
- The Budget
Explanation: Article 112 refers to the Budget as the 'Annual Financial Statement'.
Which Part of the Indian Constitution deals with the Union Government?
- Part VI
- Part IV
- Part IX
- Part V
Explanation: Part V of the Constitution, titled 'The Union', covers Articles 52 to 151.
Who can initiate a Bill to amend the Constitution?
- State Legislatures
- Either House of Parliament
- Only Lok Sabha
- Only Rajya Sabha
Explanation: A Constitutional Amendment Bill (Article 368) can be introduced in either House but NOT in State Legislatures.
The 'Joint Sitting' of Parliament (Art 108) is NOT applicable for:
- Money Bills
- Ordinary Bills
- Constitutional Amendment Bills
- Both Money and Constitutional Amendment Bills
Explanation: There is no provision for a joint sitting for Money Bills or Constitutional Amendment Bills.
The salary of the President is charged upon:
- Consolidated Fund of India
- Contingency Fund of India
- Public Accounts of India
- Prime Minister's Relief Fund
Explanation: Salaries of the President, CJI, and CAG are non-votable and charged on the Consolidated Fund.
Who appoints the Prime Minister of India?
- The President
- The Lok Sabha
- The People of India
- The Chief Justice
Explanation: Under Article 75, the Prime Minister is appointed by the President, and other ministers are appointed on the advice of the PM.
Who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?
- The Deputy Chairman
- The Vice-President
- The President
- The Prime Minister
Explanation: Under Article 64, the Vice-President of India holds the office of Chairman of the Rajya Sabha ex-officio.
The President's Rule in a State (Article 356) is imposed on the recommendation of:
- The Speaker
- The Chief Justice
- The Prime Minister
- The Governor
Explanation: If the Governor of a state reports that the constitutional machinery has failed, the President can impose President's Rule.
Who is the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha when the Vice-President acts as the President?
- The Speaker
- The CJI
- The Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
- The President
Explanation: When the VP acts as President, they do not perform the duties of the Chairman of Rajya Sabha.
The 'Council of States' is the official name of:
- Lok Sabha
- NITI Aayog
- Rajya Sabha
- Inter-State Council
Explanation: Rajya Sabha is called the Council of States as it represents the interest of the States.
The President can nominate how many members to the Lok Sabha at present?
Explanation: The provision for nominating 2 Anglo-Indian members was discontinued by the 104th Amendment Act, 2019.
The 'Advisory Jurisdiction' of the Supreme Court is provided under:
- Article 131
- Article 143
- Article 136
- Article 141
Explanation: Under Article 143, the President may seek the opinion of the Supreme Court on matters of public importance.
Which Article deals with the duties of the Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President?
- Article 75
- Article 74
- Article 80
- Article 78
Explanation: Article 78 defines the PM's duty to communicate all decisions of the Council of Ministers to the President.
What is the term of a member of the Rajya Sabha?
- 6 years
- 4 years
- Permanent
- 5 years
Explanation: While the house is permanent, individual members are elected for a term of six years.
The Vice-President's term of office is:
- 6 years
- Until the President wants
- 4 years
- 5 years
Explanation: Like the President, the Vice-President is elected for a five-year term.
What is the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha as per the Constitution?
Explanation: With the 104th Amendment (2019) removing Anglo-Indian nominations, the current maximum strength is 550 (530 from States, 20 from UTs).
A Money Bill can be introduced ONLY in:
- Joint Sitting
- Rajya Sabha
- Lok Sabha
- Both Houses
Explanation: Money Bills cannot be introduced in the Rajya Sabha; they must originate in the Lok Sabha with the President's recommendation.
The Supreme Court of India was established under which Article?
- Article 124
- Article 131
- Article 141
- Article 129
Explanation: Article 124 provides for the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court.
Which Article says 'Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts'?
- Article 142
- Article 137
- Article 131
- Article 141
Explanation: Article 141 ensures that the SC's rulings are the 'law of the land'.
Who decides whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not?
- The Speaker of Lok Sabha
- The President
- The Chairman of Rajya Sabha
- The Finance Minister
Explanation: Article 110(3) gives the Speaker the final authority to certify a Money Bill.
The maximum age for a person to be appointed as the Attorney General is:
- 70 years
- No age limit in Constitution
- 62 years
- 65 years
Explanation: The Constitution does not specify an age limit or a fixed tenure for the Attorney General; they hold office during the 'pleasure of the President'.
Which Article allows the Supreme Court to review its own judgments?
- Article 142
- Article 141
- Article 131
- Article 137
Explanation: Article 137 provides the Power of Review to the Supreme Court.
Who can be a member of either House of Parliament without being elected for a period of 6 months?
- A Minister
- The President
- The Speaker
- None
Explanation: Under Article 75(5), a minister must become a member of either house within 6 months, or they cease to be a minister.
A Bill passed by Parliament becomes an Act only after the assent of:
- The Chief Justice
- The President
- The Prime Minister
- The Speaker
Explanation: Under Article 111, a bill requires the President's assent to become law.
The power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court rests with:
- The Parliament
- The President
- The Chief Justice
- The Law Commission
Explanation: Parliament has the power to increase the strength of the SC judges by passing a law.
What is the maximum gap allowed between two sessions of Parliament?
- 4 months
- 3 months
- 6 months
- 9 months
Explanation: Parliament must meet at least twice a year, and the gap between sessions cannot exceed six months.
Parliament of India consists of:
- Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and President
- Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
- Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and PM
- Lok Sabha and Speaker
Explanation: Under Article 79, the President is an integral part of the Parliament although they do not sit in either House.
Which House of Parliament is called the 'House of Elders'?
- Rajya Sabha
- Parliamentary Committee
- Lok Sabha
- Vidhan Sabha
Explanation: Rajya Sabha represents the States and is considered the Upper House or House of Elders.
Which of the following is NOT a session of the Lok Sabha?
- Monsoon Session
- Winter Session
- Budget Session
- Summer Session
Explanation: India usually has three sessions: Budget (Feb-May), Monsoon (July-Sept), and Winter (Nov-Dec).
The procedure for the Impeachment of the President is mentioned in which Article?
- Article 72
- Article 52
- Article 56
- Article 61
Explanation: The President can be removed from office for 'violation of the Constitution' through the process of impeachment under Article 61.
Which Article says 'There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President'?
- Article 75
- Article 72
- Article 78
- Article 74
Explanation: Article 74 makes the advice of the Council of Ministers generally binding on the President.
Who administers the Oath of Office to the President of India?
- The Vice-President
- The Prime Minister
- The Chief Justice of India
- The Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation: According to Article 60, the CJI (or the senior-most judge of the SC in their absence) administers the oath.
The 'Pocket Veto' power is exercised by:
- The Prime Minister
- The Speaker
- The President
- The Rajya Sabha Chairman
Explanation: In a Pocket Veto, the President neither ratifies nor rejects nor returns the bill, but simply keeps the bill pending for an indefinite period.
A Joint Sitting of both Houses of Parliament is presided over by:
- The Vice-President
- The Prime Minister
- The Speaker of Lok Sabha
- The President
Explanation: While the President summons the Joint Sitting (Art 108), the Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides over it.
In the absence of both the President and Vice-President, who discharges the functions of the President?
- The Chief Justice of India
- The Prime Minister
- The Attorney General
- The Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation: As per the President (Discharge of Functions) Act, 1969, the CJI acts as the President in such a vacancy.
The President's 'Pardoning Power' is mentioned in:
- Article 61
- Article 72
- Article 76
- Article 74
Explanation: Article 72 gives the President the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment.
The Rajya Sabha is known as a permanent house because:
- It has no elections
- Members are elected for life
- It cannot be dissolved
- The President cannot touch it
Explanation: Rajya Sabha is a permanent body; one-third of its members retire every second year, but the house itself is never dissolved.
Which Article provides for the Attorney General for India?
- Article 74
- Article 72
- Article 78
- Article 76
Explanation: The Attorney General is the highest law officer in the country, appointed by the President.
The term of the Lok Sabha can be extended during an Emergency by:
- 2 years at a time
- 1 year at a time
- Indefinitely
- 6 months at a time
Explanation: Under Article 83, the term of Lok Sabha can be extended by Parliament by law for one year at a time during a Proclamation of Emergency.
What is the minimum age required to become the President of India?
- 40 years
- 30 years
- 35 years
- 25 years
Explanation: Article 58 specifies that a person must be a citizen of India and at least 35 years of age to be eligible.
The Prime Minister is the Chairman of which of the following?
- Inter-State Council
- NITI Aayog
- National Development Council
- All of the above
Explanation: The PM heads several key bodies including NITI Aayog and the National Water Resources Council.
Who is known as the 'Guardian of the Public Purse'?
- Finance Minister
- Prime Minister
- CAG (Comptroller and Auditor General)
- RBI Governor
Explanation: The CAG (Articles 148-151) audits all receipts and expenditures of the Government.
What is the 'Quorum' required to hold a meeting of either House of Parliament?
Explanation: Quorum is the minimum number of members (1/10th of total strength) required to be present for the House to transact business.
The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to:
- The President
- The Lok Sabha
- The Rajya Sabha
- The Prime Minister
Explanation: Article 75(3) states that the Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the House of the People (Lok Sabha).
Zero Hour in Indian Parliamentary practice starts at:
- 2:00 PM
- 11:00 AM
- 12:00 Noon
- 9:00 AM
Explanation: Zero Hour follows the Question Hour and is an Indian innovation in parliamentary procedure since 1962.
Which writ is issued by the Supreme Court to a lower court to stop it from proceeding in a case?
- Quo-Warranto
- Prohibition
- Certiorari
- Mandamus
Explanation: Prohibition is issued to prevent a lower court or tribunal from exceeding its jurisdiction.
The 91st Amendment (2003) limited the size of the Council of Ministers to what percentage of Lok Sabha strength?
Explanation: The total number of ministers, including the PM, cannot exceed 15% of the total members of the Lok Sabha.
What is the minimum age to be a member of the Lok Sabha?
- 25 years
- 18 years
- 30 years
- 21 years
Explanation: Article 84 sets the minimum age at 25 for Lok Sabha and 30 for Rajya Sabha.
Who can be removed only by a process similar to the impeachment of a SC Judge?
- Solicitor General
- Prime Minister
- Attorney General
- CAG
Explanation: The CAG is removed in the same manner and on the same grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court.